This demonstration is a first cousin of the Electric
Whirl. The effect is shown in the illustration at the right from the
1875 edition of Ganot's Physics. The candle flame is rich in positive
ions, and the positive terminal of the electrostatic machine must be used.
There is thus an electrostatic force of repulsion acting on the flame, and
it is pushed away from the sharp point. I often do this demonstration, and
have observed that the flame does not bend over abruptly as the cut suggests.
The electric wind below at Union College in Schenectady, New York, has been adapted from a discharger. |